Evaluation of Coagulant in the Optimization of Effluent Treatment

Abstract

Coagulants play an essential role in the removal of impurities in water and effluent treatment processes. Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is one of the most commonly used coagulants due to its high efficiency; however, it poses environmental risks and may generate toxic sludge.

As an alternative, tannin—a natural coagulant—emerges as a sustainable solution with lower environmental impact, promoting: reduced sludge generation; feasibility for continuous operation; and reduced use of synthetic chemical products.