FLOWER BUDS OF CLOVE

EXTRACTION AND APPLICATION OF ITS ESSENTIAL OIL AS A LARVICIDAL AGENT AGAINST DENGUE

Abstract

With the proliferation of the mosquito Aedes aegypti, transmitter of the Zika virus and diseases such as dengue, yellow fever and Chikungunya fever, it is necessary to search for methods to combat the mosquito. The intensive use of insecticides commonly used by health surveillance organizations has caused some resistance and a problem in the control of these vectors. The present project aims to extract the essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum flower buds for its use as a larvicidal agent, controlling the larval phase of the mosquito and already eliminating it before their growth. First, was performed the preparation of the flower buds and the extraction of the essential oil by hydrodistillation process. Analyzes were made to define the physicochemical properties of the oil, with this it was possible to classify on its purity and quality, which was satisfactory, in addition, Gas Chromatography was performed, used to identify the essential oil components of Syzygium aromaticum and two constituents had been identified. After these analyzes, the toxicity test was applied to Aedes aegypti larvae using higher concentrations than those found in the literature. From the collected results, the lethal concentration of the essential oil was established around 1.92 mg.mL^-1, evidencing the resistance created by these vectors over the years. The essential oil of clove does not present harmful to the environment and to the alive beings being very viable its use.